Estudio experimental de propiedades termofísicas de mezclas binarias formadas por 1-Alcohol+Alcano+Éter Lineal O+Amina Aromática Primaria

Aborda el estudio de mezclas binarias de líquidos y la medida directa de 5 propiedades termofísicas: - Permitividad - Índice de refracción - Densidad - Velocidad del sonido - Capacidad calorífica La primera parte, instrumental, explica: - Funcionamiento y fundamento físico de todos los aparatos. - Puesta a punto dos técnicas experimentales nuevas en el grupo: Permitividades e Índice de refracción - Calibración y sistema test para la evaluación de la precisión y exactitud de las medidas realizadas. La segunda parte expone los resultados de las medidas, sus correspondientes excesos respecto de la mezcla ideal y la discusión para los sistemas caracterizados, relativos a mezclas de los siguientes líquidos: - n-Heptano - n-Octano - Dibutiléter - 2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxapentadecano - Metanol - 1-Propanol - 1-Pentanol - Bencilamina - Anilina La tercera parte, incluye anexos con los programas informáticos creados al efecto para automatizar las medidas, así como los programas utilizados.Departamento de Física Aplicad

Maintenance models applied to wind turbines. A comprehensive overview

Producción CientíficaWind power generation has been the fastest-growing energy alternative in recent years, however, it still has to compete with cheaper fossil energy sources. This is one of the motivations to constantly improve the efficiency of wind turbines and develop new Operation and Maintenance (O&M) methodologies. The decisions regarding O&M are based on different types of models, which cover a wide range of scenarios and variables and share the same goal, which is to minimize the Cost of Energy (COE) and maximize the profitability of a wind farm (WF). In this context, this review aims to identify and classify, from a comprehensive perspective, the different types of models used at the strategic, tactical, and operational decision levels of wind turbine maintenance, emphasizing mathematical models (MatMs). The investigation allows the conclusion that even though the evolution of the models and methodologies is ongoing, decision making in all the areas of the wind industry is currently based on artificial intelligence and machine learning models

Diagnosis of broken bars in wind turbine squirrel cage induction generator: Approach based on current signal and generative adversarial networks

Producción CientíficaTo ensure the profitability of the wind industry, one of the most important objectives is to minimize maintenance costs. For this reason, the components of wind turbines are continuously monitored to detect any type of failure by analyzing the signals measured by the sensors included in the condition monitoring system. Most of the proposals for the detection and diagnosis of faults based on signal processing and artificial intelligence models use a fault-free signal and a signal acquired on a system in which a fault has been provoked; however, when the failures are incipient, the frequency components associated with the failures are very close to the fundamental component and there are incomplete data, the detection and diagnosis of failures is difficult. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to detect and diagnose failures of the electric generator of wind turbines in operation, using the current signal and applying generative adversarial networks to obtain synthetic data that allow for counteracting the problem of an unbalanced dataset. The proposal is useful for the detection of broken bars in squirrel cage induction generators, which, according to the control system, were in a healthy state

Modeling and control of a microgrid connected to the INTEC university campus

Producción CientíficaA smart microgrid is a bidirectional electricity generation system—a type of system that is becoming more prevalent in energy production at the distribution level. Usually, these systems have intermittent renewable energy sources, e.g., solar and wind energy. These low voltage networks contribute to decongestion through the efficient use of resources within the microgrid. In this investigation, an energy management strategy and a control scheme for DG units are proposed for DC/AC microgrids. The objective is to implement these strategies in an experimental microgrid that will be developed on the INTEC university campus. After presenting the microgrid topology, the modeling and control of each subsystem and their respective converters are described. All possible operation scenarios, such as islanded or interconnected microgrids, different generation-load possibilities, and state-of-charge conditions of the battery, are verified, and a seamless transition between different operation modes is ensured. The simulation results in Matlab Simulink show how the proposed control system allows transitions between the different scenarios without severe transients in the power transfer between the microgrid and the low voltage network elements.República Dominicana (FONDOCYT Grant 2018-2019-3C1-160 (055-2019 INTEC

Cartografía detallada de plantas vasculares en un sector de la Alta Alcarria, Guadalajara : utilidad en la detección de enclaves naturales de interés

A partir de un método de inventario territorial de la flora que utiliza como unidad mínima de información la cuadrícula UTM 1x1 km, se confecciona cartografía detallada de la flora vascular en un sector de la Alta Alcarria (provincia de Guadalajara). Con ella se ha confeccionado un atlas geográfico de plantas de un cuadrado UTM de 10x10 km (30TWL02 – Utande). Una de las utilidades del trabajo así planteado ha sido la detección de enclaves naturales de interés por albergar biotopos donde están presentes plantas consideradas en Castilla-La Mancha como "vulnerables"; o "de especial interés"; (Decretos 33/5-5-1998 y 200/6-11-2001). Se presentan los mapas corológicos de quince de esos taxones: Acer monspessulanum L., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Astragalus granatensis Lam., Colutea hispanica Talavera & Arista, Coronilla glauca L., Cotoneaster tomentosus (Aiton) Lindl., Euonymus europaeus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Juniperus thurifera L., Linum campanulatum L., Prunus avium L., P. mahaleb L., Sorbus aria (L.) Crantz, S. domestica L. y S. torminalis (L.) Crantz.; los más destacados de aquellos enclaves y su contexto ecológico.Vascular plant taxa were inventoried from over 100 UTM grid cells of 1×1 km size (Datum ED50), situated in the natural region known as La Alcarria (province of Guadalajara, Central Spain). An atlas with detailed maps of vascular plants was generated in the 30TWL02 UTM unit of 10x10 km. This allowed us to detect natural places of interest containing plants considered “vulnerable” or “of special interest” in the Autonomous Region of Castile-La Mancha (Decrees 33/5-5-1998 and 200/6-11-2001). We present fifteen taxa maps: Acer monspessulanum L., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Astragalus granatensis Lam., Colutea hispanica Talavera & Arista, Coronilla glauca L., Cotoneaster tomentosus (Aiton) Lindl., Euonymus europaeus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Juniperus thurifera L., Linum campanulatum L., Prunus avium L., P. mahaleb L., Sorbus aria (L.) Crantz, S. domestica L. y S. torminalis (L.) Crantz., and indicate the most outstanding of these natural places and their ecological context.Convenio de Colaboración entre IberCaja, Obra Social y Cultural y la Universidad de Alcal

UVA-LED technology’s treatment efficiency and cost in a competitive trial applied to the photo-fenton treatment of landfill leachate

Producción CientíficaThe objective of this trial was to assess the application of UVA-LED technology as an alternative source of irradiation for photo-Fenton processes, aiming to reduce treatment costs and provide a feasible treatment for landfill leachate. An optimized combination of coagulation with ferric chloride followed by photo-Fenton treatment of landfill leachate was optimized. Three different radiation sources were tested, namely, two conventional high-pressure mercury-vapor immersion lamps (100 W and 450 W) and a custom-designed 8 W 365 nm UVA-LED lamp. The proposed treatment combination resulted in very efficient degradation of landfill leachate (COD removal = 90%). The coagulation pre-treatment removed about 70% of the COD and provided the necessary amount of iron for the subsequent photo-Fenton treatment, and it further favored this process by acidifying the solution to an optimum initial pH of 2.8. The 90% removal of color improved the penetration of radiation into the medium and by extension improved treatment efficiency. The faster the Fenton reactions were, as determined by the stoichiometric optimum set-up reaction condition of [H2O2]0/COD0 = 2.125, the better were the treatment results in terms of COD removal and biodegradability enhancement because the chances to scavenge oxidant agents were limited. The 100 W lamp was the least efficient one in terms of final effluent quality and operational cost figures. UVA-LED technology, assessed as the application of an 8 W 365 nm lamp, provided competitive results in terms of COD removal, biodegradability enhancement, and operational costs (35–55%) when compared to the performance of the 450 W conventional lamp.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad - (project CTM2016- 77948-R)Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid - (project S2018/EMT-4459

The Impact of the Multi-core Revolution on Signal Processing

This paper analyzes the influence of new multi- core and many-core architectures on Signal Processing. The article covers both the architectural design and the programming models of current general-purpose multi-core processors and graphics processors (GPU), with the goal of identifying their possibilities and impact on signal processing applications

Diagramas de navegación en aplicaciones web

In general, Web applications are complex software systems, which in its development requires focused methodologies used solid engineering. The development of Web applications should be carried out with the con chords modeling construction.En general, las aplicaciones web son complejos sistemas de software, que en su desarrollo se requieren utilizar sólidas metodologías enfocadas en la ingeniería. El desarrollo de aplicaciones web se debe llevar a cabo con la elaboración de modelos acordes consu construcción

Temperature increase prevails over acidification in gene expression modulation of amastigote differentiation in Leishmania infantum

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The extracellular promastigote and the intracellular amastigote stages alternate in the digenetic life cycle of the trypanosomatid parasite <it>Leishmania</it>. Amastigotes develop inside parasitophorous vacuoles of mammalian phagocytes, where they tolerate extreme environmental conditions. Temperature increase and pH decrease are crucial factors in the multifactorial differentiation process of promastigotes to amastigotes. Although expression profiling approaches for axenic, cell culture- and lesion-derived amastigotes have already been reported, the specific influence of temperature increase and acidification of the environment on developmental regulation of genes has not been previously studied. For the first time, we have used custom <it>L. infantum </it>genomic DNA microarrays to compare the isolated and the combined effects of both factors on the transcriptome.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Immunofluorescence analysis of promastigote-specific glycoprotein gp46 and expression modulation analysis of the amastigote-specific A2 gene have revealed that concomitant exposure to temperature increase and acidification leads to amastigote-like forms. The temperature-induced gene expression profile in the absence of pH variation resembles the profile obtained under combined exposure to both factors unlike that obtained for exposure to acidification alone. In fact, the subsequent fold change-based global iterative hierarchical clustering analysis supports these findings.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The specific influence of temperature and pH on the differential regulation of genes described in this study and the evidence provided by clustering analysis is consistent with the predominant role of temperature increase over extracellular pH decrease in the amastigote differentiation process, which provides new insights into <it>Leishmania </it>physiology.</p

How to build and install your own CaptuRING

Producción CientíficaCaptuRING is a reliable and affordable tool to transform tree-ring samples into digital images combining open source software and do-it-yourself philosophies. A Raspberry Pi runs the system through an Arduino board that controls the wood sample movement across a linear screw at the time that a digital camera takes sequential high resolution (>4500 dpi) images from a wood sample. Here, we present three video tutorials, with English and Spanish subtitles, to construct and install CaptuRING (github.com/CambiumRG/CaptuRING) from scratch. First video tutorial explains the necessary components and how to assemble them to construct the CaptuRING platform, second tutorial covers Arduino board and Raspberry Pi connections, and the third tutorial is devoted to hardware configuration, software installation and CaptuRING use.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades - Agencia Estatal de Investigación (grants PRE2018-084106 and IJC2019-040571-I ; project PID2020-118444GA-100)Junta de Castilla y Leon (projects IR2020-1-UVA08 and VA171P20)EU LIFE Soria Forest Adapt (project LIFE19 CCA/ES/001181)Caja Rural de Soria - FUNGE-UVa (project 26/04/2022 TCUE 2021-2023